In addition, if you use PostScript for creating animations, you can also easily embed the resulting graphs in other documents.

There are some examples of PostScript animations available from this site: See N-Queens, Connect 4 and Knight's Tour for more information.

This page explains the general principle underlying these animations.


First, think about the mini-language that you want to use to describe the small individual steps of your animation.

For example, in many scheduling tasks, you want to show the placement of individual items on a common roster or time-table. In such examples, you first define custom PostScript procedures that let you: You want to think in abstract positions, not in pixel positions. Typically, the abstract positions will be indicated by one or two natural numbers that denote a particular time slot or board field.

Coordinates specified in a PostScript program refer to locations within a coordinate system that always bears the same relationship to the current page, regardless of the output device on which printing or displaying will be done. This coordinate system is called user space.

For example, to clear a square at an abstract position indicated by two coordinates on the operand stack, you can define:

/cs { gsave translate 1 setgray 0 0 1 1 rectfill grestore } bind def

and use it like:

5 7 cs

in the code that emits animation steps.